Basics of Mounjaro (Tirzepatide)

Mounjaro, also known as Tirzepatide, is a novel treatment for Type 2 diabetes that has been generating a lot of buzz in the pharmaceutical industry. Mounjaro is similar to others medications and has both useful effects and possible side effects. 

Mounjaro has potential side effects that patients should be aware of before starting treatment. Some of the most common side effects include nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. These symptoms can be especially bothersome during the first few weeks of treatment, but they usually improve over time. We will discuss each Mounjaro  side effects in detail.

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Nausea | Mounjaro  side effects

Nausea is a prevailing adverse effect that accompanies the administration of Mounjaro. Evidence from clinical trials indicates that up to 18% of individuals undergoing Mounjaro therapy experience nausea. It is crucial to note that higher doses of Mounjaro may confer a heightened risk of adverse effects. Notably, it is not surprising that the 18% of individuals who developed nausea received the highest Mounjaro dosage of 15 mg, whereas only 12% of those receiving 5 mg therapy experienced the same.

Should patients encounter nausea while on Mounjaro therapy, Eli Lilly, the manufacturers of Mounjaro, suggest taking the following measures: -Consuming smaller meals -Incorporating bland foods such as crackers or rice into their diet -Avoiding fatty foods -Ceasing eating once satiated -Drinking clear fluids, such as water, may also alleviate nausea and promote hydration.

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Diarrhea Mounjaro  side effects

Approximately one out of every six individuals may experience episodes of diarrhea when consuming Mounjaro. The likelihood of developing this side effect is greater among those consuming higher dosages of this medication. Typically, diarrhea is most prevalent during the initial stages of Mounjaro usage and subsides as treatment progresses.

It is imperative to acknowledge that diarrhea may lead to dehydration, and therefore, it is recommended to maintain hydration by consuming ample quantities of water and clear fluids in the event that this side effect is encountered.

Decreased appetite |Mounjaro  side effects

Sagging skin

The utilization of Mounjaro can result in noteworthy weight reduction. A clinical trial involving individuals with obesity reported an average weight loss of 15% to nearly 21% of their body weight after a year and a half of Mounjaro treatment. However, rapid weight loss may cause sagging or drooping skin, which can lead to a more wrinkled appearance, particularly in the face. The occurrence of sagging skin is a common outcome of significant weight loss.

Should this become apparent, several measures can be taken to address it, including maintaining good hydration levels and adhering to a proper skin care routine. Additionally, exploring the potential of cosmetic procedures such as soft tissue fillers may prove beneficial.

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Vomiting |Mounjaro  side effects

In accordance with clinical trials, a notable proportion of individuals, ranging from 5% to 9%, may encounter episodes of vomiting upon initiation of Mounjaro therapy. As with other adverse effects, the probability of this unwelcome outcome tends to amplify with escalating doses of the medication. Nonetheless, it is reassuring that for the majority of patients, vomiting can be effectively managed and typically subsides upon acclimation of the body to the drug.

It is important to note, however, that in rare instances, vomiting may serve as an alarm for more severe conditions such as pancreatitis. Therefore, if the onset of vomiting is accompanied by severe abdominal discomfort that persists, it is crucial to discontinue Mounjaro and promptly seek medical attention. It is essential to remain hydrated in the event of vomiting to prevent dehydration. Adequate water intake is recommended to facilitate recovery and mitigate the risk of complications.

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Constipation |Mounjaro  side effects

An estimated 7% of individuals may encounter constipation as a potential side effect when consuming Mounjaro. While it is not imperative to defecate daily, experiencing three or fewer bowel movements within a week may indicate a state of constipation. In most cases, constipation typically resolves on its own. Nevertheless, taking proactive measures to prevent the condition is recommended.

Engaging in regular physical activity and maintaining proper hydration are effective preventive measures. Additionally, incorporating fiber-rich foods like grains, fruits, and vegetables into one’s diet is endorsed by healthcare professionals as an effective remedy for constipation.

Indigestion |Mounjaro  side effects

A mere fraction of individuals, numbering less than one in ten, encounter dyspepsia, an ailment characterized by an upset stomach, when consuming Mounjaro. Notably, this particular side effect was more commonly observed in clinical trials among those ingesting 5 mg or 10 mg of the medication. Indigestion can be exacerbated by certain dietary habits.

Therefore, it is advisable to abstain from: Imbibing alcoholic or caffeinated beverages Consuming fatty, oily, or spicy foods Eating hastily Furthermore, smoking and stress can also contribute to an unsettled stomach. To avoid such discomfort, it is recommended to eat slowly and thoroughly chew food.

Abdominal pain |Mounjaro  side effects

Approximately 5% of individuals may encounter gastrointestinal discomfort during Mounjaro use. In the event of such an occurrence, it is recommended to ameliorate symptoms through methods such as a soothing bath or application of a warming pad to the abdominal area. It is imperative to note that in rare instances, abdominal pain can signify pancreatitis, a severe inflammation of the pancreas.

If intense stomach discomfort persists, it is paramount to contact a healthcare professional immediately. Symptoms may include radiation of pain to the back and potential nausea and vomiting.

Pancreatitis |Mounjaro  side effects

Hypoglycemia

Individuals who utilize insulin to regulate their diabetes may face an augmented likelihood of encountering hypoglycemia, also recognized as low blood sugar, when consuming Mounjaro. Indications of low blood sugar comprise of;

“dizziness, sweating, confusion, headache, blurred vision, slurred speech, shakiness, fast heartbeat, hunger, weakness, feeling jittery, anxiety, irritability, or mood changes”

It is imperative to monitor your blood glucose levels while administering Mounjaro. If your levels descend below 70 mg/dL, it is deemed low. If your blood sugar falls between 55-69 mg/dL, implement the 15-15 rule by consuming 15 grams of carbohydrates (e.g. half cup of juice, tablespoon of honey, or a few jellybeans) and waiting for 15 minutes before reassessing your blood sugar.

If your blood sugar persists to be low, repeat the process. If your blood sugar drops below 55 mg/dL seek emergency medical attention

Kidney problems |Mounjaro  side effects

The gastrointestinal effects associated with Mounjaro, including nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, can lead to dehydration. In severe cases, this dehydration may result in renal damage for individuals with pre-existing renal failure or those without prior kidney complications.

While rare, cases of acute kidney injury have been reported among individuals using GLP-1 receptor agonists, such as Mounjaro. It is recommended that individuals with a history of kidney problems inform their healthcare provider prior to beginning treatment with this medication. Individuals are advised to contact their healthcare provider if they experience a decrease in urine output despite consistent fluid intake, as this may indicate the onset of kidney damage.

In the event of nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea while using Mounjaro, it is recommended to rehydrate with ample amounts of water.

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Diabetic retinopathy complications |Mounjaro  side effects

Diabetic retinopathy pertains to the impairment of vision that can manifest in individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. The sudden amelioration of blood glucose regulation, which may arise from the use of Mounjaro, can potentially exacerbate diabetic retinopathy temporarily. While this is an infrequent Mounjaro side effect, individuals with a history of diabetic retinopathy may be more predisposed to encountering complications while undergoing treatment with this medication.

Should you observe any alterations in your visual acuity while consuming Ozempic, it is recommended to promptly seek the guidance of your healthcare practitioner. Such changes may encompass hazy vision, the perception of floating spots, or the occurrence of partial or complete loss of vision.

Gallbladder problems |Mounjaro  side effects

While it is a relatively infrequent occurrence, a select minority (less than 1%) of individuals may develop gallstones while undergoing treatment with Mounjaro or other GLP-1 medications. The primary indicator of gallbladder disease is a persistent, severe abdominal pain. Additional symptoms may include nausea, sweating, or vomiting.

It is imperative that individuals experiencing these symptoms seek immediate medical attention. In some cases, the removal of the gallbladder, referred to as a cholecystectomy, may be necessary. To prevent the onset of gallbladder issues, it is recommended that individuals maintain a healthy weight, engage in regular exercise, and follow a low-fat diet.

Thyroid tumors |Mounjaro  side effects